Atri and Anasuya
by: April Trenary




In the early months of their excile, Rama, Sita and Lakshmana journey to the Vindya Hills to get farther way from their home in Ayodha.  Leaving Chitrakuta, they find the earthly home of the great rishi Atri and his wife Anasuya.  The older couple welcomes the travelers into their hermitage.  Atri entertains the men, while Anasuya visits with Sita.

The romance of Atri and Anasuya influences the Indian Epics in many ways.  The story of A Blessed Marriage is a modern twist at the longstanding relationship and influence of Atri and Anasuya.  The Bedtime Ritual compares young blossoming love to mature love that as passed the test of time.  My analysis follows these two creative retellings.

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A Blessed Marriage:
Behind A Love That Lasts

    The perfect wife.  The envy of the Women’s Ashram Association.  That is how everyone knew Anasuya Rishi.  She was always well dressed and had a recipe for baked beans that was a favorite at all the potlucks.  Moreover, she was so chaste that she didn’t even use a microwave.  Everyone desired to be like her.  Especially Parvati, Laxmi, and Saraswati.  Anasuya simply desired a family.

    Out of jealousy, the three divas sent their husbands- Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma- to corrupt her innocence.  Under the guise of a sage, the three men visited the Rishi home in the cul-de-sac.  The hospitable host invited them to stay for dinner.  But, the guests pleaded, “We are suffering because of a special fast.  Our hunger can only be satisfied by a meal served in the nude.”

    Anasuya was shocked!  She prayed to Brahman for guidance.  She loved her husband too much to be naked in front of another man.  From her wholesomeness, the three visitors turned into infants.  Then she undressed and nursed the babies to sleep.  After putting her clothes back on she laid them side-by-side on her bed and continued with household chores until her husband returned.  Atri adored the babies and approved of her actions.    

    Soon, the three women came looking for their husbands.  Opening the door, Anasuya instantly understood the situation.  Passing a test of virtue, she restored Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma to their divine forms.  All were impressed with Anasuya’s purity and Atri’s penance.  The three celestial couples delighted at the love they saw in these two.  They granted the Rishi’s one boon.  Holding hands, the couple ask, “Oh Trimurtis, please bless us with a son.  We long for a child to share in our love.”  Thus the attributes of Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma converged into the single form of Dhattatreya, the son of Atri and Anasuya.

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The Bedtime Ritual:
  A Contrast Between Young and Old Love



    The bedtime ritual is the same, despite the royal guests sleeping down the hall in the guestroom. Atri pulls back the covers and climbs into the soft, warm bad. Anasuya emerges from the bathroom, her soft gray hair tight with pin curls and beauty cream covering her face. Atri sees her as lovely as the day they walked down the aisle so many years ago. “My bride, tell me, what do think about Rama and Sita?”

    “Oh, they are such a lovely couple. True love like theirs graces Earth so rarely. They remind me of us, our journey. Remember when I joined you here by Five-Apsarasa-Lake?” Anasuya cuddles next to her husband and pulls the covers tight under her chin to keep warm in the cool night air. “Sita is so devoted to Rama.  It is not easy for a woman as delicate as her here in Dandaka Forest. I can tell she is nervous about what lies ahead, but she bravely follows her husband, trusting in his strength and wisdom. Their adventure is far from over. I gave her a few gifts to remind her she always has friends- in the forest and in heaven.”

    “You really are ‘kindness' dear," Atri replies.  "You gave when you have so little yourself.  The gods will surely smile on you. Rama is also deeply in love with Sita. He is committed to his dharma, but I am afraid Love might cloud his judgment. But the brother, Lakshmana, has a strong level head. He is loyal.  When trouble crosses their path, their love will . . . Ana? Ana? Anasuya?” Atri smiles at the sound of his wife sleeping. “It has been a long evening entertaining destiny. Goodnight, sweetheart.” With a kiss on her forehead, he closes his eyes to join her in slumber.

 

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What makes love last?  My grandparents celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary just before he passed away two summers ago.  At the time I still felt like a newlywed, even though I had been married for five years and was expecting my second child.  All of us grandchildren and great grandchildren flooded our beloved grandparents with questions about their life together.  It was a fascinating tale of true love and real heroes.  Two people who together survived the great depression, the loss of a child, and a devastating fire.

In The Bedtime Ritual, Atri and Anasuya are loosely based on my grandparents.  In my story Atri calls her “Ana” as a nickname because my grandfather referred to my grandmother IdaBelle as “Belle.”   I like these minor relationships to compare and contrast to the main relationship of Rama and Sita.  These supporting characters offer meaning and depth, while sometimes providing comedy or a break from the intense drama unfolding.  Even thought Rama and Sita’s relationship spans the threshold of time, they are new in this life together and benefit from the wisdom of the sages.

Buck’s version depicts Sita as worldlier than Narayan’s version. Narayan sends her into exile in tree bark, Buck sends her with fine clothes and jewelry.  All that is mentioned in Narayan’s brief description of the meeting is that Anasuya gives Sita all of her jewelry and clothes.  Buck gives much more history on the rishi couple- Atri is one of the stars of the constellation the Great Bear- and their encounter with the exiled trio, detailing the conversations and the gifts.

Anasuya reminds me of many people in my life. Someone I can turn to for advice on marriage and parenting because she has survived life's challenges. A rock foundation. She doesn’t judge. At the time, I don’t think Sita realizes the real jewel is Anasuya, not the ornaments she wears around her neck. It took me a while to recognize these people in my own life. As a character Anasuya is an older, wiser contrast to the young, naïve Sita.  She is also a mother figure to the orphan baby raised by King Janaka.  Furthermore, she embodies the value of female friends to support a romantic relationship.

The story of The Blessed Marriage shows the long-standing influence of two hearts entwined.  The inspiration came from my internet research.  Atri and Anasuya are worshipped by Hindus for their chasitity and fidelity.  Their devotion to each other results in two boons from the Hindu Trinity.  Their united wish begets their divine son Dattatreya.  A close connection exists between a loving, married couple and their children. The nature and character of the parents influences the moral fiber of the offspring.  In this case, Dattetreya bears the attributes of the three gods Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma.  Their son, or grandson by some accounts, Durvasas is a sage whose blessings and curses play a role in the later epic The Mahabharata. 

 

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Bibliography:
Buck, William. Ramayana. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976. pages 133-135.
Narayan, R.K.
Ramayana. New York: Penguin Books, 1972. pages 65-66.
Anasuya- The Chaste Wife of Atri.
Dattatreya Principle.

Painting Information:
Rama at Hermitage of Sage Atri
Ursa Major
Dattatreya
 
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