
Survey the
Smoldering Stumps:
The Burning of
Khandava Forest
retold by Nicholas Wojcik
There is a place near the sacred
Yamuna river, a place that once belonged to rare beasts and birds,
trees and
bushes, and on any given day would paint a colorful picture for the
Gods staring down from above - its name is Khandava forest.
Khandava is
no ordinary place; its ruins will tell you the same. They will tell you
of how a single moment can alter the lives of many and erase the
colors from the picture it paints.
Here is what I
have been told:

It was the middle of summer. The sun was shining and the calls of
migrating birds rang in the soft, still air for miles, ricocheting off
the Himalayas. Yamuna, the river, was full from the rains, for Indra,
the rain God, had been very busy that year fighting off a number of
fires in the nearby Khandava forest. And so, it was a perfect day for
thirsty animals to stop off for a drink in the Yamuna, or to say
"hello"
to their friends in the Khandava, a perfect day for people to take a
walk and enjoy one another's company.
As it happens, Krishna, the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, and Arjuna,
the highly skilled third son of Kunthi, after bathing in the river, had
been walking along its edge when they were suddenly approached by a
tall, thin, shaggy-haired woodsman draped in black rags. He had a full
beard and only upon closer observation could one notice the
curious glob
of butter that smeared across his mouth.
The man's eyes met those of Krishna and Arjuna before exposing a
mouthful of golden teeth. He greeted them and introduced himself as
a weak and hungry wanderer. Arjuna, in his kind nature, was quick
to say they would provide food for the man if he just name his
earthly desire.
At that moment, the wanderer held out his hand, revealing a tiny ball
of
fire. He spoke only the words "the forest of Khandava," then
revealed his true identity as Agni, the fire God.
As Arjuna and Krishna stood mesmerized by the flickering flame in
Agni's
hand, Agni spoke of how only the dry forest could rid his hunger pains
and return his strength if they, Arjuna and Krishna, could just hold
Indra, the rain God, back so he, Agni, could munch on the burning
woods. He assured Arjuna and Krishna that no man or animal would be
harmed in the perishing forest; he reiterated over and over to them
that no man inhabited the desolate landscape and the animals, with
their keen sense for knowing their surroundings, would scurry
long before the flames reached the earth and continue on with their
annual migration.
Agni lifted his hand higher to compare the tiny size of the flame with
the vast size of the forest. He spoke clearly of how the roots of the
trees grow deeper than what the flame can reach and that Yamuna, the
river, would give life back to the trees. As a reward for their
assistance, Agni presented Krishna with the most powerful, razor-sharp
iron discus ever crafted and Arjuna with the mighty bow Gandiva, two
ever-lasting arrows, and an extravagant chariot pulled by the strongest
of white horses.
Krishna bowed and praised Agni's generosity while Arjuna, without
hesitation, sprang into the chariot.
As Arjuna
strung
the mighty bow,
the earth beneath them began to quiver and quake. The flames in every
fireplace and lamp in all the world's palaces, houses, and huts
simultaneously died out and gathered in the eyes of Agni, the fire God.
Agni bent down and touched the ground with just one finger before his
buttery mouth unleashed seven flaming tongues. The flames consumed him
and the rushing winds carried him off through the trees. The force of
the burning heat sent the chariot horses into an immediate frenzy and
the green of the trees were instantaneously blanketed by the spectrum
of the giant flames that was Agni.

Smoke billowed towards the heavens, obstructing the view of the Gods
which forced Indra, the rain God, to act quickly. Thunderclouds
gathered over Khandava forest like a giant black hand ready to crush
the earth. A massive tidal wave came barreling down from the clouds and
dumped a thousand rivers onto the roaring flames. Arrows flew from
Arjuna's bow, Gandiva, at the rate an automatic weapon discharges its
bullets. A beastly sound erupted as the rain and fire continued to
collide until finally, Arjuna stood back, strung one single fire-tipped
arrow, and shot it straight at the heart of the clouds. The Gods above
came rushing to the aid of Indra as Indra shot a bolt of lightning at
Krishna's iron discus. But the discus destroyed the lightning bolt and
Indra and the other Gods knew they had lost the battle of Khandava
forest.
Over time, the winds drifted through the charred remains of Khandava
forest,
escorting the smoke and ash from the ground and sky. The animals who
once had frolicked in the bushes, nestled in the nooks of the tall
trees or
found shade beneath their canopy of leaves were now displaced
or had perished in the seas of rain and fire. Despite Agni's promises,
no man or animal could survive the brutality of the storm and the roots
of what are now burned blackened stumps are brittle and rotten.
Khandava forest, like other forests, may be considered a pocket.
Together, these pockets form the lungs of the earth and a destination
worth experiencing; they provide oxygen for the living and paint a
colorful landscape for the godly. What is there without them?
Signs of the
battle of Khandava forest may be felt elsewhere, too, as an exhausted
rain God, Indra, now more than ever, finds himself struggling to
provide water for other parts of earth.
Here is what I
have been told...
or return to:
or go:
This retelling is based on R.K.
Narayan's version of this story with additional assistance in
background information provided by Dowson's Classical Dictionary of
Hindu Mythology.
The title "Survey the Smoldering
Stumps" is my own interpretation and is solely meant for creativity
purposes.
In Narayan's version, the scene
begins immediately with Krishna and Arjuna walking along the Yamuna
river. Narayan does not speak of the forest's inhabitants or ruins
until later in the scene; the approach I took is intended to emphasize
the ecological theme of this storybook.
I emphasized the importance of
Agni's character by dramatizing his gestures and facial expressions,
such as the moment when Agni first introduces himself and when Agni
compared the size of the flame with that of the forest; neither of
these descriptions occur in Narayan's version. Also, according to
Narayan, the flames for Agni's fire are collected from the heavens and
the underworld in addition to palaces and huts of the earth; only the
latter appears in my version as a means to reduce the word count!
I repeatedly referred to living
beings as a reminder to the reader that this is a place where living
creatures came to convene or live, again, tying the notion of ecology
into the story.
I also state that Agni tells
Krishna and Arjuna repeatedly that no living being would be harmed by
the fire, where in the original version, Agni only tells them once.
Indra does not appear on earth riding on a white elephant as he does in
the original version nor are the names, rank, or physicality of the
Gods who come to assist Indra revealed.
Finally, the original version ends
with Maya, the architect of the Gods, participating in the battle
before riding from Khandava forest with Arjuna and Krishna in the
horse-drawn chariot. Agni joins his hands in namaste before
disappearing from the charred forest. This ending recapitulates the
theme of the promise Agni makes to Krishna and Arjuna and the ties in
the notion of ecology as a way to pave the foundation for the next
story where ecology will continue to play an important role...
Bibliography:
Buck, William. The Mahabharata. (Berkeley: The University of
California Press, 1973), 80-85.
Dowson, John (1820-1881). A
classical dictionary of Hindu mythology and religion, geography,
history, and literature. London: Trübner, 1879 [Reprint, London:
Routledge, 1979].
Image Information:
"Untitled"
by John Kane III.